天才领路者

终于懂得英语语法动词ing用法

发布时间: 2019-10-06 22:01:18

动词的-ing形式具有动词的特征,同时又具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,因此它可以在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语和状语。下面小编告诉你英语语法动词ing用法,大家一起来看看吧!   英语语法动词ing用法:   一、作定语时,根据被修饰的名词是动词的-ing形式动作的执行者还是承受者来确定主动和被动,从而确定使用现在分词或过去分词。   1. Crusoe lit a fire and took from it a burning stick.   2. They seemed to be eating something cooked on the fire.   二、作状语时,则根据句子主语是动词的-ing形式动作的执行者还是承受者确定主动还是被动。   1. Holding his head high,he walked past the pole and the soldiers as if they didn't exist.   2. The teacher entered the classroom, followed by his students.  

英语语法动词ing用法

  三、作表语时,也是根据主语是动词的-ing形式动作的执行者还是承受者来确定。   1. The story sounds moving.   2. I was deeply moved when I saw the film.   四、作宾语补足语时,根据该宾语是动词的-ing形式动作的执行者还是承受者来确定。   1.在及物动词的复合宾语中:   ①I saw her opening the door.   ②I saw the door opened.   2.在动词have后的复合宾语中:   ①The two men had their light burning all night long.   ②I had my bike repaired yesterday.   3.在介词with后的复合宾语中:   ①The picture only came out like a white circle with three black spots showing for a mouth and eyes.   ②He stood for an instant with his hand still raised.   动词-ing形式作主语和宾语的三类重要考点:   考点一:考查介词后接动词时所用形式   【考题实例】One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about ___61___ (be) late for school. (2014课标卷II语法填空题)   【考点分析】本句答案为being。因为空格前的 about 为介词,根据英语语法的要求,当介词后面接一个动词作宾语时,这个动词通常要用-ing形式(即传统语法中的动名词形式)。又如:   I’m very nervous about taking that exam. 参加那个考试我很紧张。   She rested for two weeks after being in the hospital. 出院后,她休息了两周。   Save the document to disk before closing it. 关闭文件前把它保存到磁盘上。   He ran ten kilometres without stopping. 他一路不停跑了10公里。   【特别提醒】表示“除……之外”的介词but和except是例外,当它后面接动词作宾语时,该动词通常用不定式(不定式是否带to与其前是否有动词do有关:有do则通常不带to,没有do则通常带to)。如:   It had no effect except to make him angry. 除惹他生气外,没产生任何效果。   She had nothing to do except spend money. 她除了花钱更无所事事。     考点二:考查习惯上只接动词-ing形式作宾语的用法   【考题实例】Still, the boy kept ___67___ (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. (2014课标卷II语法填空题)   【考点分析】本题答案填 riding。在英语中,当一个动词后面接另一个动词作宾语时,用作宾语的动词有时要用不定式,有时要用动词的-ing形式,而本句中的 keep 则是一个只跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词。   【相关归纳】习惯上只接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词主要有: acknowledge, admit, advise, allow, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, deny, discuss, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, finish, forbid, forgive, give up, imagine, include, involve, keep, mention, mind, miss, pardon, permit, postpone, practice, prevent, prohibit, propose, put off, recall, recollect, recommend, repent, report, resist, risk, save, stop, suggest, understand, witness等。   【温馨提示】动词keep后接动词-ing形式的用法似乎是高考命题特别青睐的一个考题,请再看2014年的一道真题(答案为holding):   Keep ___64___ (hold) your position for a while. It helps develop your strength and flexibility. (2014辽宁卷语法填空题)   考点三:考查动词-ing形式与不定式的用法区别   【考题实例】I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused ___66___ (stop) until we reached the next stop. (2014课标卷II)   【考点分析】本题答案填 to stop。在高考中动词-ing形式的用法总与不定式的用法有着千丝万缕的联系。正如有些动词后接另一动词作宾语习惯上要用-ing形式一样,还有一些动词则习惯上要接不定式作宾语,本题的 refuse 就是其中之一。高考阅卷的统计数据表明,做题本题的答卷中,90%以上的考生是错填了动词的-ing形式(stopping)。   【相关归纳】习惯上只接不定式作宾语的动词主要有:afford, agree, apply, arrange, ask, attempt, beg, choose, claim, decide, decline, demand, desire, determine, expect, hope, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, resolve, wish等。   动词-ing结构分析:   ▲若用作主语或宾语,只能是动名词(因为只有动名词可以用作主语或宾语,而现在分词是不用作主语或宾语的)。如:   She taught us dress-making. 她教我们做女服。   It’s time I did some letter-writing. 到我该写几封信的时候了。   My favourite pastime is bird-watching. 我最喜欢的消遣是观察鸟类。   Should fox-hunting be banned? 猎狐活动应该禁止吗?   Story-telling has acquired the status of an art form. 讲故事已经成为一种艺术形式。   ▲若用作定语,且与被修饰名词之间具有主谓宾关系,则是现在分词。如:   The English-speaking peoples share a common language. 讲英语的各民族拥有共同的语言。(English-speaking peoples = peoples who speak English)   Any four out of the five would make a potential medal-winning team. 五人中任意四个组成的队都有可能获奖。(medal-winning team = team that wins a medal)   ▲但如果与与被修饰名词之间没有主谓宾关系,而是表示被修饰名词的作用或功能,则是动名词。如:   My old school is giving a fund-raising dinner. 我的母校将举办筹款晚宴。(a fund-raising dinner = a dinner for raising fund)   The company won a 10 million order for oil-drilling equipment. 这个公司赢得了1,000 万英镑石油钻井设备的订单。(oil-drilling equipment = equipment for drilling oil)   现在分词being的语法功能及用法说明:   一、现在分词being 用作谓语动词   1. being为助动词时的用法   当being为助动词时,用作谓语动词动词的being主要与过去分词连用,构成被动语态。如:   I'm always being criticized. 我总是挨批。   He is being interviewed now. 他现在正在接受面试。   He is being met at the station tonight. 今晚有人去车站迎接他。   2. being为连系动词时的用法   当being为连系动词时,用作谓语动词动词的being主要与形容词连用,表示临时特征或暂时现象。如:   You’re being stupid. 你真傻。   You are not being very polite. 你可是不大客气呀。   Your brother is being very annoying this evening. 你兄弟今晚很烦人。   二、现在分词being 用作非谓语动词   1. being为助动词时的用法   (1) 作主语。如:   Being lost can be a terrifying experience. 迷路可能是一种很可怕的经历。   Being recognized wherever you go is the price you pay for being famous. 出名所付出的代价是不管你走到哪里,都会被人认出来。   (2) 作宾语。如:   He can't stand being kept waiting. 让他等着,他可不干。   Do you like being stared at? 你愿意人家盯着你看吗?   (3) 作宾语补足语。如:   I saw him being taken away by the police. 我看到他正被警察带走。   I found myself being drawn into another dreary argument. 我发现竟然身不由己又参与了一次无聊的争论。   It’s interesting (for children) to see a house being built. (孩子们)看造房子是挺有趣的事。   (4) 作定语。如:   Did you see that boy being questioned by the police? 你看见那个男孩受到警察的盘问了吗?   We are going to reduce the number of trees being cut down. 我们要减少砍伐的树的数量。   (5) 作状语。如:   Being given a chance, she immediately jumped at it. 给了她这个机会,她立刻抓住。   Being well taken care of, she recovered quickly. 她受到很好的照顾,身体恢复得很快。   注:有时 being 可带有自己的逻辑主语(构成独立主格结构)。如:   The question being settled, we went home. 问题解决之后,我们就回家了。

更多培训课程,学习资讯,课程优惠,课程开班,学校地址等学校信息,请进入 天才领路者网站详细了解
咨询电话:400-850-8622

相关文章

最新文章

相关课程

温馨提示:提交留言后老师会第一时间与您联系! 热线电话:400-850-8622